PHP Programming

2009-03-02T18:15:00.001-08:00

Introduction

Overview

This notes cover the basic of PHP programming, as well as other interesting notes that I find along the way.

Table of Content

Introduction
1. Overview
2. Table of Content
References
Dynamic Programming / Reflection
1. Dynamically setting and getting attributes
2. Dynamic function call
Zend Framework
1. Links

References

Functions
http://au2.php.net/functions

Dynamic Programming / Reflection

PHP is not object oriented in nature, so within PHP there's already a lot of functions and built in features that supports dynamic programming. In fact, for certain operations it may be easier to do it in PHP as compared to other web programming language like Java (JSP) and .NET (ASP).

Dynamically setting and getting attributes

When an execution attempts to access properties of an object and the property does not exist, the built in function __get() and __set() is called, respectively. This means that you can have a class that looks like so:

class DynamicBean
{
   private fields;

   function DynamicBean() 
   {
      fields = Array();
   }

   function __get($fieldName)
   {
      return fields[$fieldName];
   }

   function __set($fieldName, $value)
   {
      $fields[$fieldName] = $value;
   }
}

The usage is simply as follow:

DynamicBean bean = DynamicBean();
bean->something = "anything";

echo $bean->something
// prints "anything"

Dynamic function call

PHP doesn't really support reflection like in .NET or Java. You can't iterate through a list of method from a Class object, but it can invoke a function dynamically.

Ref: http://au2.php.net/manual/en/functions.variable-functions.php

class Foo
{
    function Variable()
    {
        $name = 'Bar';
        $this->$name(); // This calls the Bar() method
    }
    
    function Bar()
    {
        echo "This is Bar";
    }
}

$foo = new Foo();
$funcname = "Variable";
$foo->$funcname();  // This calls $foo->Variable()

Zend Framework

Ubuntu Linux Home Server Guide

2008-11-20T15:33:00.001-08:00

Introduction

Overview

This notes cover how to manage disk drives in your LINUX box. When I wrote this I am on Ubuntu Server 8.04 - Hardy Heron but I believe this will still apply to other distro as well.

Table of Content

Introduction
1. Overview
2. Table of Content
Basic Administration
1. The Root Session
2. User and Group Management
Disk Management
Package Management
Printers (cupsys)

Basic Administration

The Root Session

as opposed to actually enabling the root account, a root session is simply starting a bash shell under sudo, like so:

sudo bash

Once the root session is up, you are essentially root, but you'll have to do this everytime you want to have a root session. However, this is still more secure than having the root account enabled.

User and Group Management

Adding and deleting a user

adduser <username>; #add user
deluser <username>; #delete a user

Adding and deleting a group

addgroup <groupname>; #add group
delgroup <groupname>; #deletes a group

Disk Management

The /etc/fstab file

When a Linux system starts, it will automatically mount everything that is in the /etc/fstab file. If you attach a new disk drive into tour Linux box and do not add any entry into the /etc/fstab file, then the disk will not be mounted into the filesystem.

Remounting partition can only be done by root privilege user. The command is:

mount -a

Listing all known disc

To list all the known disk, use the following command

ls -ltrh /dev/disk/by-uuid

This will list all disk by its known UUID, as well as where each disk maps to. (/dev/sda1, and so on)

Partition management via fdisk

The fdisk utility provide you with means of managing the partition in a disk. Prior to starting, do ensure that the disk is not mounted / busy.
The most basic usage is as follow:

fdisk /dev/sdb

Where /dev/sdb is the disc (not the partition) you want to work against. With this tool, you have to remember that:

Changes will only takes effect once w (write) is issued.
You can experiment and cancel the operation with the usual ctrl+c

Formatting a disc with NTFS

Linux doesn't automagically reads NTFS file system. But Linux being linux, obviously it can. In Ubuntu, the tools to work with ntfs can be installed (via root privilege) via:

apt-get install ntfsprogs

The program you want to use is mkntfs. As usual, the man page will tell you alot of things about it.
Before running this, please make sure that the partitions in the disc have been correctly set with fdisk.

mkntfs -L "Disc Label" /dev/sdb1

( Where /dev/sdb1 is the partition in the disc where the ntfs file system will be created at )4.0 - Package Management

Networking

Anything to do with networking, setting up IP, DHCP, and so on.

IP Address

IP address is managed via ifconfig - but changes made using command below will not be permanent.

ifconfig <interface_name> <ip_address>

To make changes permanent, you'll need to configure the networking service. The file where the IP address can be configured is in /etc/network/interfaces.

Static IP Configuration

( IP address shown here are only example )

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.1.11
network 192.168.1.0
broadcast 192.168.1.255
gateway 192.168.1.1
netmask 255.255.255.0

Dynamic IP Configuration (a.k.a DHCP)

# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

Restarting Networking Service

For your changes to take effect, you need to restart networking service.

sudo /etc/init.d/networking [ start | stop | restart | force-reload ]

Managing your DNS search entry

DNS is configured from the file /etc/resolv.conf, edit the file and make it look like so:

search com
nameserver <DNS_IP_ADDR_1>
nameserver <DNS_IP_ADDR_N>

What this means is, it will search hostname.com against <DNS_IP_ADDR>. Depending on your setup, you can set <DNS_IP_ADDR_*> to your Gateway's IP address or the one provided by your ISP.

Package Management

Basic Packages

The following are the basic packages that I get on top of the basic installation. Run from root session.

# vim
apt-get install vim-full;

# coding
apt-get install sun-java-jdk; 

# disc mgmt
apt-get install ntfsprogs;
apt-get install testdisk;

Apparently, python is part of the installation, which is cool.

Enable multiverse

edit file: /etc/apt/sources.list and uncomment the appropriate lines.

System Upgrades

The operating system is constantly being updated. To retrieve and install these updates, do:

apt-get upgrade

Printers (cupsys)

Ref: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=240282
Operate from a root session

installation

apt-get install cupsys cupsys-client

backup and modify /etc/cups/cupsd.conf,

cp /etc/cups/cupsd.conf /etc/cups/cupsd.conf.bak
vim /etc/cups/cupsd.conf

change the appropriate section to the following:


# Only listen for connections from the local machine.
# Listen localhost:631 (not anymore)
Listen 631
Listen /var/run/cups/cups.sock

# Show shared printers on the local network.
Browsing On
BrowseOrder allow,deny
#old value: BrowseAllow @LOCAL
BrowseAllow all

#old value: BrowseAddress @LOCAL

# Default authentication type, when authentication is required...
DefaultAuthType Basic

# Restrict access to the server...
# old value: Order allow,deny
<Location />
 Allow all
</Location>

Restart cupsys

/etc/init.d/cupsys restart

Get info on connected printer and note down the printerpath that that you want to use

lpinfo -v

Add printer

lpadmin -E -p <printername> -v <printerpath> -P <path to printer driver> -u allow:all

Example:

lpadmin -E -p myprinter -v parallel:/dev/lp0 -P /usr/share/ppd/cups-included/HP/deskjet.ppd -u allow:all

Setup and administration:

lpadmin -d <printername>; # sets this printer as default printer
cupsenable <printername>; # enable as default printer
accept <printername> ; # get printer to start accepting job

If you want to delete a printer:

lpadmin -x <printername>;

Test

2008-11-20T15:30:00.000-08:00

This is a test

Notes from ByteBar

PHP Programming

Introduction

Overview

Table of Content

References

Dynamic Programming / Reflection

Dynamically setting and getting attributes

Dynamic function call

Zend Framework

Links

Ubuntu Linux Home Server Guide

Introduction

Overview

Table of Content

Basic Administration

The Root Session

User and Group Management

Disk Management

The /etc/fstab file

Listing all known disc

Partition management via fdisk

Formatting a disc with NTFS

Networking

IP Address

Static IP Configuration

Dynamic IP Configuration (a.k.a DHCP)

Restarting Networking Service

Managing your DNS search entry

Package Management

Basic Packages

Enable multiverse

System Upgrades

Printers (cupsys)

Test